뉴스&스피킹(영자신문)
하루 10분이면 영어에 대한 두려움을 극복하고 누구나 유창하게 영어를 구사하실 수 있습니다.
- Monday
08.28 - Tuesday
08.29 - Wednesday
08.30 - Thursday
08.31 - Friday
09.01 
-
India Successfully Lands Spacecraft on Moon India became the fourth country to successfully land a spacecraft on the moon on Wednesday. It also became the first country to land a spacecraft near the moon’s south pole.
Its moon lander, called Chandrayaan-3, touched down near the moon’s south pole just after 6 p.m. in India.
The landing brought cheers and applause from space scientists who were watching in the control center in city of Bengaluru. After a failed landing almost four years ago, India joined the United States, the Soviet Union and China as the only countries to send a spacecraft to the moon.
"This moment is unforgettable. It is phenomenal. This is a victory cry of a new India," said Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
“India is on the moon,” said S. Somanath, the head of the Indian Space Research Organization.
The moon’s south pole is thought to be an important area for exploration. Scientists believe it has important resources, including frozen water and minerals.
Just days earlier, Russia’s Luna-25 spacecraft tried to land in the same area but spun out of control and crashed. It would have been Russia’s first moon landing in 47 years.
People across India gathered in shops, offices, restaurants and their homes to watch the landing on television.
The name Chandrayaan means “moon craft” in the Sanskrit language.
The Indian Space Research Organization discussed the mission ahead of the landing. The organization called the possible landing “a remarkable milestone … a significant step forward for Indian science, engineering, technology and industry.”
The group discussed the “sense of pride” that comes from the success and suggested it will lead to more innovation from India.
The previous landing attempt broke down because of a software problem, according to India’s space organization.
The moon vehicle will take up to one day to come out of the spacecraft and will operate for two weeks. It will run experiments on the minerals on the moon’s surface, Somanath said.
Observers say the successful landing shows India’s interest in demonstrating its strength in technology and space exploration. The landing should be an important part of Modi’s campaign to keep his government in power leading up to the country’s general election in 2024.
Many countries want to know about the moon’s south pole because it could hold resources that may help future space missions. Other countries and private companies are trying to land there.
The Indian landing comes after the failed Russian mission, plus recent crashes by spacecraft from both Japan and Israel. Japan will launch another mission this weekend. Two private U.S. companies have attempts planned by the end of 2023. And the American space agency NASA hopes to send astronauts to the moon’s south pole in coming years.
I’m Dan Friedell.View -
Saudi Arabia, Iran among Six Countries Joining BRICS Iran and Saudi Arabia are among six countries set to join the BRICS economic group next year. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), Argentina, Egypt, and Ethiopia are the others to become members in 2024.
BRICS stands for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Brazil, Russia, India and China formed the group in 2009 to increase economic cooperation among growing economies. South Africa joined in 2010.
The group has called for more representation of developing countries and those in the south in world affairs. The group announced the addition of new members Thursday at its meeting in Johannesburg, South Africa.
BRICS currently represents around 40 percent of the world’s population and more than 25 percent of the world’s economic output. That is set to increase with the new members, which include three of the world’s biggest oil producers in Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Iran.
Changing world
BRICS nations have long called for reforms of organizations like the U.N. Security Council, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. They say the current structures "reflect yesterday's world.”
South African President Cyril Ramaphosa is the host of the BRICS meeting this year. He said the expansion is an “effort to build a world that is fair, a world that is just, a world that is also inclusive and prosperous.”
In a sign of BRICS’ growing influence, United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres also attended Thursday's expansion announcement. He said that international organizations “must reform to reflect today's power and economic realities.”
China’s President Xi Jinping called the expansion “historic.” He added that the group wanted “unity and development.”
However, some observers have questioned whether the group will become anti-Western with the expansion. China’s relationship with the United States is at a low point. Russia faces Western economic measures for its invasion of Ukraine.
New members cheer the announcement
Mohammad Jamshidi is the top political aide of Iran’s President Ebrahim Raisi. He called the decision to add his country a “victory for Iran’s foreign policy.”
China and Russia were supporting Iran’s inclusion. However, Brazil, India and South Africa, which have strong ties with the U.S., only gave their approval more recently.
UAE leader Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan welcomed the BRICS announcement. He said his nation would be joining an “important group” and would work with all nations and people around the world.
Egypt President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi said in a statement that his country would work to “raise the voice of the Global South.”
The expansion also helps Ethiopia, Africa’s second most populous country and one of the fastest-growing economies on the continent. Its government is working to reconnect with international partners and financial organizations after a violent two-year conflict in the country’s Tigray area.
South African officials say more than 40 countries have said they want to join BRICS. And 22 countries have officially asked to join the organization.
I’m Andrew Smith.View -
Peruvian Singer Aims to Introduce ‘Q-pop’ Lenin Tamayo is named after the leader of the Russian Revolution, Vladimir Lenin. But he wants to revolutionize Peruvian popular music.
Tamayo aims to create popular music similar to South Korean K-pop songs, but he is using Quechua, the language of the Incas.
The Incas were the people who ruled western South America before the arrival of Spanish explorers.
Tamayo grew up speaking Quechua at his home in Lima.
His music mixes beats from Korean songs with folklore from the Andes Mountain area and traditional Peruvian sounds. It appears to be popular. Tamayo has received at least 4 million “hearts” on the video social media service TikTok.
Twenty-three-year-old Tamayo is not so concerned with how many people listen on social media. Instead, he hopes to bring attention to discrimination and the importance of Peru’s past and those he claims as his ancestors.
He told Reuters: “My music had to embrace my origins strongly.”
The young singer observed that the voice was very important to the people of the Andes, calling it a “primordial sound.” And he added “the voice goes hand in hand with the language,” noting that Quechua is what will define his sound.
Quechua is spoken by about 10 million people in South America. It is the most widely used native language there. It is spoken not only in Peru but also in parts of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and Ecuador.
In school, Tamayo began listening to Korean popular music, or K-pop, which started being popularized internationally by the group BTS about 10 years ago.
Study of Korean culture became a way for the young singer to make like-minded friends and to deal with bullying that he said he faced because of his appearance.
Tamayo told Reuters that he saw young girls listening to K-pop and watching Korean TV dramas. By trying to make friends, he thought he could get closer to Korean culture, he said.
The result is a musical mixture that people on the internet have called “Q-pop.”
Tamayo’s first album, Amaru, was released this month. Each song is based on Incan mythology. Ideas include Kay Pacha, or the living world; Uku Pacha, or the world of the dead; and Hanan Pacha, the heavenly kingdom. On stage, Tamayo dances and looks like a Korean male performer. But the sound of the music is based on traditional instruments from the Peruvian mountains.
Fans who recently attended a Lenin Tamayo performance were happy to take selfies and talk about the new artist. Gabriel Castro spoke to Reuters about it. He said the new music “helps raise awareness among all our people, all our new generations and the older ones too, who are part of Peru.”
I’m Mario Ritter, Jr.View -
Explosion Likely Brought Down Wagner Chief's Plane Intelligence officials from the United States and Western countries believe that an explosion brought down the plane presumed to carry Wagner group leader Yevgeny Prigozhin and others.
One of the officials told the Associated Press that the explosion was in line with Russian President Vladimir Putin’s “long history of trying to silence his critics.” The official was not permitted to comment publicly and did not want to be named.
Russian officials have not officially confirmed the identity of those who died on the private plane. However, President Putin expressed sympathy on Thursday to the families of those who were reportedly on the plane. He also spoke of Prigozhin, saying, “He made some serious mistakes in life, but he also achieved necessary results.”
Earlier on Wednesday, U.S. President Joe Biden said he did not know what happened, but he said, “I’m not surprised.” He added, “There’s not much that happens in Russia that Putin is not behind.”
The mutiny
Prigozhin founded the Wagner group. It is an organization of fighters based in St. Petersburg who offer their services for money and are not officially linked to the Russian military. The fighters were known to support military leaders in Africa and the Middle East.
They had also been supporting Russian President Vladimir Putin’s war in Ukraine. But Prigozhin criticized Putin and his military leaders and launched what was called a mutiny earlier this year.
On June 23 and 24, he and his soldiers moved against Russia’s leaders, shooting down aircraft and started a convoy of military vehicles targeting Moscow.
The anti-Putin move ended when the two men reached a deal that permitted Prigozhin to go to Belarus. Reports, however, said he was able to move safely and freely between Russia, Belarus and parts of Africa. He appeared at a meeting between Russia and African nations in St. Petersburg in July.
Many wondered why Prigozhin seemed safe after moving against Putin. Other opponents of the Russian president had been sickened, killed or imprisoned in the past.
On Wednesday, rescue workers found 10 bodies, which included members of the Wagner group and the airplane crew.
Russian media reports said Prigozhin was on the plane, citing unnamed people. The lights on the group’s main building in St. Petersburg were lit in the shape of a cross overnight. By Thursday, supporters made a small memorial with red and white flowers and Wagner Group flags.
There was no official statement from Russia's leaders on the crash or its cause. However, Rosaviatsia, Russia's aviation agency, published a list of those on board and it included Prigozhin.
A reporter from the Reuters news agency went to the place of the crash on Thursday and spoke to people who said they heard a loud sound before seeing the airplane fall to the ground.
One person, Anatoly, said he heard “a metallic bang” and not the kind of noise from a thunderstorm. Part of the plane’s tail and other wreckage were seen on the ground.
Flight information services showed the plane flying normally until it disappeared from radar.
Prigozhin supporters called him “a hero” on messaging services. They said the flight had either been shot down by a missile or destroyed by a bomb on board. Those claims have not been verified, and Russian officials say they are investigating the crash.
I’m Jill Robbins.View -
US, Vietnam, Taiwan Oppose China’s Buildup in Disputed Area Recent satellite images suggest China is a building a military site on disputed land in the South China Sea. The pictures show an airfield structure on Triton Island, a part of the Paracels island group. China, Taiwan and Vietnam all claim ownership of Triton.
The airfield structure appears to be a long runway toward the east. The company Planet Labs PBC recorded the images in August. The structure is not in pictures gathered in March of this year.
The Associated Press news agency studied the satellite photos and reported last week about the runway. The AP said the images showed two large fields marked with Chinese national and political symbols. The island is about 4,000 feet long by 2,000 feet wide, and was unpopulated until recently.
Bill Conroy is with URSA Space, which provides intelligence analysis. He has a different theory about the structure in the pictures. He says it might be a levee, a structure to protect low land from tide waters.
"We're estimating that there's about 70,000 square meters of land that would be reclaimed from the sea" by the levee, he said.
Experts at the U.S.-based non-profit Center for Strategic and International Studies said they believe the structure could be a runway. But, they suggested it could also be a raised roadway.
Levee, roadway or runway?
Ray Powell is director of Stanford University’s SeaLight program. It studies Chinese naval strategy. He said the new structure on Triton Island could be both a levee and roadway once completed.
Hoang Viet is an expert on South China Sea disputes at the National University of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. He said that if it is an airstrip, Chinese military planes could use the island as a refueling station for actions in the area.
The island is of equal distance from Vietnam and China. China has built on other disputed territory in the South China Sea. The structures include seawalls, airfields and buildings across several islands. China has said such building projects are for scientific research.
Relations with neighbors
China has claimed ownership of 90 percent of the South China Sea. It is one of the busiest waters in the world, with one-third of all shipping traffic. Almost all the countries that border the waters claim territory in the sea, including, Brunei, Malaysia and the Philippines.
Speaking to reporters Thursday, the Vietnamese Foreign Ministry spokesperson said, "All activities in the Paracel Islands conducted without Vietnamese permission are violations of Vietnam's sovereignty."
China has finished building military centers on three islands in the Spratly group to support its territorial claims. China says its actions in the South China Sea are aimed at "peaceful reunification" with Taiwan, which it considers a rebel province.
A Taiwanese Foreign Ministry spokesperson said Monday that Taiwan’s "rights over land and related waters in the area cannot be questioned."
I’m Dan Novak.View